뜻

1. 범죄, 악행, 잘못, 결점
2. 상처, 손해, 중상, 잘못
3. 기만, 사기, 협잡질

1. crime, misdeed, offence
2. injury, hurt, wrong
3. fraud, deception

예문

• neque homines inimico animo, data facultate per provinciam itineris faciundi, temperaturos ab iniuria et maleficio existimabat. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, PRIMVS, VII 7:4)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 1권, 7장 7:4)

• Quos Caesar, ut in miseros ac supplices usus misericordia videretur, diligentissime conservavit suisque finibus atque oppidis uti iussit et finitimis imperavit ut ab iniuria et maleficio se suosque prohiberent. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SECVNDVS, XXVIII 28:3)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 2권, 28장 28:3)

• His cognitis rebus altera ex duabus legionibus, quae vernacula appellabatur, ex castris Varronis adstante et inspectante ipso signa sustulit seseque Hispalim recepit atque in foro et porticibus sine maleficio consedit. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO CIVILI, SECVNDVS 20:8)

  (카이사르, 내란기, 2권 20:8)

• cui adhuc ego tam mala eram monetrix, me maleficio vinceres? (T. Maccius Plautus, Truculentus, act 2, scene 6 6:19)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 6:19)

• quae nullo quidem domus infortunium nuntiante cuncta cognorat, sed ei per quietem obtulit sese flebilis patris sui facies, adhuc nodo revincta cervice, eique totum novercae scelus aperuit, de adulterio, de maleficio, et quemadmodum larvatus ad inferos demeasset. (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 9 28:2)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 9권 28:2)

유의어 사전

1. Delictum and peccatum denote the lighter sort of offences; delictum, more the transgression of positive laws, from levity; peccatum (from παχύς), rather of the laws of nature and reason, from indiscretion. 2. A synonyme and as it were a circumlocution of the above words is malefactum; whereas maleficium and facinus involve a direct moral reference; maleficium is any misdeed which, as springing from evil intention, deserves punishment; but facinus, a crime which, in addition to the evil intention, excites astonishment and alarm from the extraordinary degree of daring requisite thereto. 3. There are as many sorts of evil deeds, as there are of duties, against oneself, against others, against the gods; flagitium (from βλαγίς) is an offence against oneself, against one’s own honor, by gluttony, licentiousness, cowardice; in short, by actions which are not the consequence of unbridled strength, but of moral weakness, as evincing ignavia, and incurring shame; whereas scelus (σκληρόν) is an offence against others, against the right of individuals, or the peace of society, by robbery, murder, and particularly by sedition, by the display, in short, of malice; nefas (ἄφατον) is an offence against the gods, or against nature, by blasphemy, sacrilege, murder of kindred, betrayal of one’s country; in short, by the display of impietas, an impious outrage. Tac. G. 12. (ii. 139.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein