뜻

1. 처벌, 벌금, 불이익

1. penalty
2. punishment

예문

• maior lanea, quae poenis conpesceret inferiorem; (SERMONVM Q. HORATI FLACCI, PRIMVS, 08 8:14)

  (호라티우스의 풍자, 1권, 08장 8:14)

• Verum tamen nolo te ad eorum numerum pertinere, per quos malos et iniquos deus flagellat poenis temporalibus quos voluerit. (Augustine, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., 51. (A. D. 427 Epist. CCXX) Domino Filio In Praesentem et In Aeternam salutem Dei Misericordia Protegente et Regendo Bonifatio Augustinus 8:6)

  (아우구스티누스, 편지들, 8:6)

• Sed cum impie peremptorum exsequiis suffragantibus, ad praefecturam venisse hominem comperisset immeritum, exarsit ad agenda sperandaque similia, et histrionis ritu mutata repente persona, studio nocendi concepto, incedebat oculis intentis ac diris, praefecturam autumans affore prope diem, si ipse quoque se contaminasset insontium poenis. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIX, chapter 2 23:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 2장 23:2)

• Dissimulari autem non posse ait quin paria et consimilia non sint, plus quingenta iugera habere velle, quod plebiscito Stolonis prohibitum fuit, et bellum iniustum atque impium populo Romano facere velle, neque item infitiari posse quin alia causa in praemio sit, alia in poenis. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, A. Gellii Noctium Atticarum Liber Sextus, III 41:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 41:1)

• Idcirco veteres quoque nostri exempla pro maximis gravissimisque poenis dicebant. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Septimus, XIV 5:2)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 5:2)

유의어 사전

1. Vindicta (ἀναδέκτης) is an act of justice, like avenging: ultio (ἀλαλκεῖν, ἀλέξειν), an act of anger, like revenge; talio (τλῆναι), an act of retaliation. 2. Ultio, vindicatio, and talio, take place in consequence of the supreme authority of an individual; punitio, mulctatio, and castigatio, in consequence of the demand of others; pœna (ποινή, πεῖνα, πένομαι), as a punishment which the violated and offended law demands, by any mode of suffering; mulcta (μαλάξαι) as an amercement, which justice and equity demand, as a compensation for injuries done, especially a fine; castigatio, as a chastisement, which may serve to improve the individual, especially a rebuke. Pœna is for the general good; mulcta, for the good of the injured party; castigatio, for that of the guilty party. (v. 249.) 3. Pœnire means to punish, according to the principles of justice; whereas puniri, in Cicero, to take vengeance into one’s own hands.

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein