뜻

1. 잘못, 결점, 실수, 탓

1. fault

예문

• Quod si, ut ait Nigidius, omnia istiusmodi inclinamenta nimium ac praeter modum significant et idcirco in culpas , ut vinosus, mulierosus, morosus, verbosus, famosus, cur ingeniosus et formosus " et officiosus et speciosus, quae pariter ab ingenio et forma et officio et specie, inclinata sunt, cur etiam disciplinosus, consiliosus, victoriosus, quae M. Cato ita affiguravit, cur item facundiosa, quod Sempronius Asellio XIII Rerum Gestarum ita scripsit: (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Quartus, IX 13:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 13:1)

• Si autem et illae virgines virgines sunt, ob alias tamen culpas virginitate corporum non salvantur, quid fiet illis, quae prostituerunt membra Christi et mutaverunt templa Sancti Spiritus in lupanar? (Jerome, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., An Eustochium 6:1)

  (히에로니무스, 편지들, 6:1)

• fit mixta deinde peccandi natura luto cum simplice flatu, sed fortasse animam, Domini quia fluxit ab ore, conpositam factamque neges, velut ipsa Dei pars, quod dictu scelus est, taetras trahat oblita culpas et pessum damnata ruens chaos intret opertum, sit res illa Dei, non abnuo; (Prudentius, Apotheosis, section 3 3:268)

  (프루덴티우스, , 3:268)

• Christe, graves hominum semper miserate labores, qui patria virtute cluis propriaque, Sed una, (unum namque Deum colimus de nomine utroque, non tamen et solum, quia tu Deus ex Patre, Christe,) dissere, rex noster, quo milite pellere culpas mens armata queat nostri de pectoris antro, exoritur quotiens turbatis sensibus intus seditio atque animam morborum rixa fatigat, quod tunc praesidium pro libertate tuenda quaeve acies furiis inter praecordia mixtis obsistat meliore manu. (Prudentius, Psychomachia, section 1 2:1)

  (프루덴티우스, , 2:1)

• audiat Lyde scelus atque notas virginum poenas et inane lymphae dolium fundo pereuntis imo seraque fata, quae manent culpas etiam sub Orco. (Q. Horatius Flaccus, Carmina, Book 3, Poem 11 11:5)

  (퀸투스 호라티우스 플라쿠스, , Book 3권, 11:5)

유의어 사전

1. Culpa (κολάψαι) denotes guilt as the state of one who has to answer for an injury, peccatum, delictum, maleficium, scelus, flagitium, or nefas; hence a responsibility, and, consequently, a rational being is supposed, in opp. to casus, Cic. Att. xi. 9. Vell. P. ii. 118, or to necessitas, Suet. Cl. 15; whereas noxia, as the state of one who has caused an injury, and can therefore be applied to any that is capable of producing an effect, in opp. to innocentia. Liv. iii. 42, 2. Illa modo in ducibus culpa, quod ut odio essent civibus fecerant; alia omnis penes milites noxia erat. Cic. Marc. 13. Etsi aliqua culpa tenemur erroris humani, a scelere certe liberati sumus; and Ovid, Trist. iv. 1, 23. Et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, coll. 4, 37; hence culpa is used as a general expression for every kind of fault, and especially for a fault of the lighter sort, as delictum. 2. Culpa and noxia suppose an injurious action; but vitium (from αὐάτη, ἄτη) merely an action or quality deserving censure, and also an undeserved natural defect. 3. Nocens, innocens, denote guilt, or absence of guilt, in a specified case, with regard to a single action; but noxius, innoxius, together with the poetical words nocuus, innocuus, relate to the nature and character in general. Plaut. Capt. iii. 5, 7. Decet innocentem servum atque innoxium confidentem esse; that is, a servant who knows himself guiltless of some particular action, and who, in general, does nothing wrong. 4. Noxius denotes a guilty person only physically, as the author and cause of an injury, like βλαβερός; but sons (ὀνοτός) morally and juridically, as one condemned, or worthy of condemnation, like θῶος. (ii. 152.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein