뜻

1. 나르다, 낳다
2. 지지하다
3. 견디다
4. 보고하다
5. 승인하다, 비준하다

1. I bear, carry
2. I support, hold up
3. I suffer, endure
4. I report
5. I cast (a vote); pass or ratify (a law)

참고

예문

• Coxeruntque farinam, quam dudum de Aegypto conspersam tulerant, et fecerunt subcinericios panes azymos; neque enim poterant fermentari, cogentibus exire Aegyptiis et nullam facere sinentibus moram; nec pulmenti quidquam occurrerant praeparare. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Exodus, 12 12:39)

  그들은 이집트에서 가지고 나온 반죽으로 누룩 없는 과자를 구웠다. 반죽이 부풀지 않았기 때문이다. 그들은 이집트에서 쫓겨 나오느라 머뭇거릴 수가 없어서, 여행 양식도 장만하지 못하였던 것이다. (불가타 성경, 탈출기, 12장 12:39)

• Ossa quoque Ioseph, quae tulerant filii Israel de Aegypto, sepelierunt in Sichem, in parte agri, quem emerat Iacob a filiis Hemmor patris Sichem centum argenteis, et fuit in possessionem filiorum Ioseph. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Iosue, 24 24:32)

  이스라엘 자손들은 이집트에서 가지고 올라온 요셉의 유골을 스켐에, 야곱이 스켐의 아버지 하모르의 아들들에게 돈 백 닢을 주고 산 밭에 묻었다. 그곳은 요셉 자손들의 상속 재산이 된 곳이다. (불가타 성경, 여호수아기, 24장 24:32)

• Et redditae sunt urbes, quas tulerant Philisthim ab Israel, Israeli ab Accaron usque Geth; et terminos earum liberavit Israel de manu Philisthinorum. Eratque pax inter Israel et Amorraeum. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber I Samuelis, 7 7:14)

  에크론에서 갓에 이르기까지 필리스티아인들이 이스라엘에게서 빼앗은 성읍들이 이스라엘에 되돌아왔다. 이스라엘은 거기 딸린 지역들도 필리스티아인들의 손에서 빼내었다. 그리고 이스라엘과 아모리족도 평화롭게 지내게 되었다. (불가타 성경, 사무엘기 상권, 7장 7:14)

• et Philippum et Persea Citiorum regem et, quotquot adversum eos arma tulerant, contriverunt in bello et obtinuerunt eos; (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber I Maccabaeorum, 8 8:5)

  (불가타 성경, 마카베오기 상권, 8장 8:5)

• Itaque omnibus qui arma tulerant manus praecidit vitamque concessit, quo testatior esset poena improborum. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, OCTAVVS, XLV 45:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 8권, 45장 45:2)

유의어 사전

1. Ferre means, like φέρειν, to carry any thing portable from one place to another; portare and bajulare, like βαστάζειν, to carry a load; portare (from πορίζειν), for one’s self, or for others; bajulare, as a porter. In Cæs. B. G. i. 16. Ædui frumentum . . . . conferri, comportari, adesse dicere; conferre refers to the delivery and the contribution from several subjects to the authorities of the place; comportare, the delivery of these contributions by the authorities of the place to Cæsar. 2. Ferre, portare, and bajulare, express only an exterior relation, that of the carrier to his load, whereas gerere (ἀγείρειν) gestare, like φόρειν, an interior relation, that of the possessor to his property. As, then, bellum ferre means only either inferre bellum or tolerare, so bellum gerere has a synonymous meaning with habere, and is applicable only to the whole people, or to their sovereign, who resolved upon the war, and is in a state of war; but not to the army fighting, nor to the commander who is commissioned to conduct the war. Bellum geret populus Romanus, administrat consul, capessit miles. (i. 150.)

1. Ferre (φέρειν) represents the bearing, only with reference to the burden which is borne, altogether objectively, like φέρειν; whereas tolerare, perferre, and pati, perpeti, with subjective reference to the state of mind of the person bearing; the tolerans and perferens bear their burden without sinking under it, with strength and self-control, synonymously with sustinens, sustaining, like τολμῶν; the patiens and perpetiens (παθεῖν) without striving to get rid of it, with willingness or resignation, enduring it, synonymously with sinens. Ferre and tolerare have only a noun for their object, but pati also an infinitive. 2. Perferre is of higher import than tolerare, as perpeti is of higher import than pati, to endure heroically and patiently. Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. iv. 29. Nec est malum, quod non natura humana patiendo ferat: compare with Tac. Ann. i. 74. Sen. Thyest. 307. Leve est miserias ferre; perferre est grave. Plin. H. N. xxvi. 21. Qui perpeti medicinam non toleraverant. Tac. Ann. iii. 3. Magnitudinem mali perferre visu non toleravit. 3. Tolerare (from τλῆναι) means to keep up under a burden, and not sink down; but sustinere means to keep up the burden, and not let it sink. 4. Pati denotes an intellectual permission, no opposition being made, like to let happen; whereas sinere (ἀνεῖναι) denotes a material permission, not to hold any thing fast nor otherwise hinder, to leave free. Pati has, in construction, the action itself for its object, and governs an infinitive; sinere, the person acting, and is in construction with ut. (iv. 259.) 5. Sustinere means to hold up, in a general sense, whereas sustentare, to hold up with trouble and difficulty. Curt. viii. 4, 15. Forte Macedo gregarius miles seque et arma sustentans tandem in castra venit; compare with v. 1, 11. Tandem Laconum acies languescere, lubrica arma sudore vix sustinens. Also, Liv. xxiii. 45. Senec. Prov. 4. a. f. (iii. 293.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein