뜻

1. 나르다, 낳다
2. 지지하다
3. 견디다
4. 보고하다
5. 승인하다, 비준하다

1. I bear, carry
2. I support, hold up
3. I suffer, endure
4. I report
5. I cast (a vote); pass or ratify (a law)

참고

예문

• Qui cum tulissent bovem, quem dederat eis, fecerunt et invocabant nomen Baal de mane usque ad meridiem dicentes: " Baal, exaudi nos! ". Et non erat vox, nec qui responderet. Saliebantque in circuitu altaris, quod fecerant. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber I Regum, 18 18:26)

  그들은 자기들에게 주어진 황소를 데려다가 준비해 놓고는, 아침부터 한낮이 될 때까지 바알의 이름을 불렀다. “바알이시여, 저희에게 응답해 주십시오.” 그러나 아무 소리도 대답도 없었다. 그들은 절뚝거리며 자기들이 만든 제단을 돌았다. (불가타 성경, 열왕기 상권, 18장 18:26)

• nam apsque foret te, sat scio in alto distraxissent disque tulissent satellites tui me miserum foede bonaque omnia item una mecum passim caeruleos per campos: (T. Maccius Plautus, Trinummus, act 4, scene 1 1:11)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 1:11)

• sed dum cunctanter accedo decerpere, iuvenis quidam, ut mihi videbatur, hortulanus, cuius omnia prorsus holera vastaveram, tanto damno cognito, cum grandi baculo furens decurrit, arreptumque me totum plagis obtundit adusque vitae ipsius periculum, nisi tandem sapienter alioquin ipse mihi tulissent auxilium: (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 4 3:1)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 4권 3:1)

• Et quia sinistrum cornu ad usque plaustra ipsa accessit, ultra (siqui tulissent suppetias) processurum: (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXXI, chapter 13 2:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 13장 2:2)

• Quae et ipsa appellatio rationem mihi subiecit non eligendi malleolos quamvis probabili parte vitis enatos, si fructum non tulissent, quamquam et hos ipsos sciam non in totum sterilitate affectos. (Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, Res Rustica, book 3, chapter 10 15:3)

  (콜루멜라, 루키우스 유니우스 모데라투스, 농업론, 3권, 10장 15:3)

유의어 사전

1. Ferre means, like φέρειν, to carry any thing portable from one place to another; portare and bajulare, like βαστάζειν, to carry a load; portare (from πορίζειν), for one’s self, or for others; bajulare, as a porter. In Cæs. B. G. i. 16. Ædui frumentum . . . . conferri, comportari, adesse dicere; conferre refers to the delivery and the contribution from several subjects to the authorities of the place; comportare, the delivery of these contributions by the authorities of the place to Cæsar. 2. Ferre, portare, and bajulare, express only an exterior relation, that of the carrier to his load, whereas gerere (ἀγείρειν) gestare, like φόρειν, an interior relation, that of the possessor to his property. As, then, bellum ferre means only either inferre bellum or tolerare, so bellum gerere has a synonymous meaning with habere, and is applicable only to the whole people, or to their sovereign, who resolved upon the war, and is in a state of war; but not to the army fighting, nor to the commander who is commissioned to conduct the war. Bellum geret populus Romanus, administrat consul, capessit miles. (i. 150.)

1. Ferre (φέρειν) represents the bearing, only with reference to the burden which is borne, altogether objectively, like φέρειν; whereas tolerare, perferre, and pati, perpeti, with subjective reference to the state of mind of the person bearing; the tolerans and perferens bear their burden without sinking under it, with strength and self-control, synonymously with sustinens, sustaining, like τολμῶν; the patiens and perpetiens (παθεῖν) without striving to get rid of it, with willingness or resignation, enduring it, synonymously with sinens. Ferre and tolerare have only a noun for their object, but pati also an infinitive. 2. Perferre is of higher import than tolerare, as perpeti is of higher import than pati, to endure heroically and patiently. Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. iv. 29. Nec est malum, quod non natura humana patiendo ferat: compare with Tac. Ann. i. 74. Sen. Thyest. 307. Leve est miserias ferre; perferre est grave. Plin. H. N. xxvi. 21. Qui perpeti medicinam non toleraverant. Tac. Ann. iii. 3. Magnitudinem mali perferre visu non toleravit. 3. Tolerare (from τλῆναι) means to keep up under a burden, and not sink down; but sustinere means to keep up the burden, and not let it sink. 4. Pati denotes an intellectual permission, no opposition being made, like to let happen; whereas sinere (ἀνεῖναι) denotes a material permission, not to hold any thing fast nor otherwise hinder, to leave free. Pati has, in construction, the action itself for its object, and governs an infinitive; sinere, the person acting, and is in construction with ut. (iv. 259.) 5. Sustinere means to hold up, in a general sense, whereas sustentare, to hold up with trouble and difficulty. Curt. viii. 4, 15. Forte Macedo gregarius miles seque et arma sustentans tandem in castra venit; compare with v. 1, 11. Tandem Laconum acies languescere, lubrica arma sudore vix sustinens. Also, Liv. xxiii. 45. Senec. Prov. 4. a. f. (iii. 293.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein