뜻

1. 파괴하다, 망치다
2. 낭비하다
3. 잃다, 손해를 입다

1. I destroy, ruin.
2. I waste, squander.
3. I lose utterly, suffer loss.

예문

• plūrimī cīvēs agrōs perdidērunt, inter quōs erat pater tuus, Quīnte. (Oxford Latin Course III, Quīntus Venusiam revīsit 39:14)

  (옥스포드 라틴 코스 3권, 39:14)

• et miserunt deos eorum in ignem; non enim erant dii, sed opera manuum hominum ex ligno et lapide, et perdiderunt eos. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber II Regum, 19 19:18)

  그들의 신들을 불에 던져 버렸습니다. 그것들은 신이 아니라 사람의 손으로 만든 작품으로서 나무와 돌에 지나지 않았으므로, 사람들이 그것들을 없애 버릴 수 있었습니다. (불가타 성경, 열왕기 하권, 19장 19:18)

• SADE. Perdiderunt in lacu vitam meam et iecerunt lapides super me. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Lamentationes, 3 3:53)

  내 생명을 구렁 속으로 처넣고 내 위에 돌을 내던졌네. (불가타 성경, 애가, 3장 3:53)

• querunturque non respondere sibi vineta, quae vel per avaritiam vel inscientiam vel per neglegentiam perdiderunt. (Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, Res Rustica, book 3, chapter 3 6:3)

  (콜루멜라, 루키우스 유니우스 모데라투스, 농업론, 3권, 3장 6:3)

• Consuant tunicas, qui inconsutam desursum tunicam perdiderunt, quos vagitus delectat infantum in ipso lucis exordio fletu lugente, quod nati sunt. (Jerome, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., An Eustochium 13:21)

  (히에로니무스, 편지들, 13:21)

유의어 사전

1. Amittere means to lose something, so that it ceases to be in our possession, like ἀποβαλεῖν, opp. to retinere, Cic. Rep. v. i. Sext. 47. Suet. Tib. 15. Ter. Phorm. iii. 2, 22; perdere means, to lose something, so that it is destroyed, and rendered useless, like διολέσαι, opp. to servare. Plaut. Rud. iv. 4, 120. Ter. Ad. ii. 2, 32. Sen. Contr. iii. 21.—Tac. Ann. ii. 25. Perdita classe, amissis armis. 2. Amissio is an involuntary, jactura, a voluntary, loss, which a person undergoes, a sacrifice that is made to avoid a greater loss, as in the case of the master of a ship, who throws the freight overboard, to save his ship and his life. Plin. Ep. i. 12. Jacturam gravissimam feci, si jactura dicenda est tanti viri amissio. (iii. 289.)

Perdere and pessundare denote complete destruction; perdere, by breaking to pieces, or by any other mode of destroying; pessundare (πεζὸν θεῖναι) by sinking, or any other mode of getting rid of; whereas evertere, pervertere, and subvertere merely denote throwing down; evertere, by digging up and tearing up what is fastened in the ground, in opp. to fundare, Plin. Pan. 34. Cic. Acad. iv. 10. Fin. ii. 25. Verr. iii. 18. Pis. 35; pervertere, by pushing down what stands fast; subvertere, by secretly digging under, and withdrawing the basis. Cic. Pis. 24. Provincia tibi ista manupretium fuerit non eversæ per te sed perditæ civitatis. Ad. Att. v. 16.

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein