뜻

1. 나르다, 운반하다
2. 발표하다, 알리다, 공표하다, 밝히다
3. 끝까지 참다, 참아내다
4. 견디다, 내성이 있다, 받아들이다, 허용하다
5. 마무리짓다, 완결하다, 달성하다, 성취하다
6. 유지하다, 보유하다, 지속하다, 관리하다
7. 받다, 지다, 짊어지다 (벌, 비난, 책임 등을)

1. I bear, carry or convey through to a place or to the end; bring home.
2. I convey news, announce, state.
3. (figuratively) I bear, support or endure to the end.
4. (figuratively) I bear, suffer, tolerate, put up with, submit to, endure.
5. (figuratively) I bring to an end, carry out, complete, finish, accomplish.
6. (figuratively) I carry out, conduct, maintain, manage.
7. (Ecclesiastical Latin) I bear the penalty of.

예문

• Idque adeo haud scio mirandumne sit, cum compluribus aliis de causis, tum maxime quod ei, qui virtute belli omnibus gentibus praeferebantur, tantum se eius opinionis deperdidisse ut a populo Romano imperia perferrent gravissime dolebant. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, LIV 54:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 54장 54:5)

• Cum diuturna incuria Galliae caedes acerbas rapinasque et incendia, barbaris licenter grassantibus, nullo iuvante perferrent, Silvanus pedestris militiae rector, ut efficax ad haec corrigenda, principis iussu perrexit, Arbetione id maturari modis quibus poterat adigente, ut absenti aemulo quem superesse adhuc gravabatur periculosae molis onus impingeret. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XV, chapter 5 2:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 5장 2:1)

• Et cum haec primo rumores, dein nuntii certi perferrent, omnesque suspensos adventantium calamitatum complicaret magna formido, comitatensis fabrica eandem incudem (ut dicitur) diu noctuque tundendo, ad spadonum arbitrium, imperatori suspicaci ac timido intendebat Ursicinum, velut vultus Gorgonei torvitatem, haec saepe taliaque replicans, quod interempto Silvano, quasi paenuria meliorum, ad tuendas partes eoas denuo missus, altius anhelabat. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XVIII, chapter 4 2:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 4장 2:1)

• facilius perlaturos singula increpantem quam nunc silentium perferrent omnia damnantis. (Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, LIBER XVI, chapter 28 28:6)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 연대기, , 28장 28:6)

• Expectabant, ut duces principesque ad regem perferrent vulneribus et continuo labore militiae fatigatos non detrectare munia, sed sustinere non posse. (Curtius Rufus, Quintus, Historiae Alexandri Magni, book 9, chapter 3 1:2)

  (쿠르티우스 루푸스, 퀸투스, 알렉산드로스 대왕 전기, 9권, 3장 1:2)

유의어 사전

1. Ferre (φέρειν) represents the bearing, only with reference to the burden which is borne, altogether objectively, like φέρειν; whereas tolerare, perferre, and pati, perpeti, with subjective reference to the state of mind of the person bearing; the tolerans and perferens bear their burden without sinking under it, with strength and self-control, synonymously with sustinens, sustaining, like τολμῶν; the patiens and perpetiens (παθεῖν) without striving to get rid of it, with willingness or resignation, enduring it, synonymously with sinens. Ferre and tolerare have only a noun for their object, but pati also an infinitive. 2. Perferre is of higher import than tolerare, as perpeti is of higher import than pati, to endure heroically and patiently. Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. iv. 29. Nec est malum, quod non natura humana patiendo ferat: compare with Tac. Ann. i. 74. Sen. Thyest. 307. Leve est miserias ferre; perferre est grave. Plin. H. N. xxvi. 21. Qui perpeti medicinam non toleraverant. Tac. Ann. iii. 3. Magnitudinem mali perferre visu non toleravit. 3. Tolerare (from τλῆναι) means to keep up under a burden, and not sink down; but sustinere means to keep up the burden, and not let it sink. 4. Pati denotes an intellectual permission, no opposition being made, like to let happen; whereas sinere (ἀνεῖναι) denotes a material permission, not to hold any thing fast nor otherwise hinder, to leave free. Pati has, in construction, the action itself for its object, and governs an infinitive; sinere, the person acting, and is in construction with ut. (iv. 259.) 5. Sustinere means to hold up, in a general sense, whereas sustentare, to hold up with trouble and difficulty. Curt. viii. 4, 15. Forte Macedo gregarius miles seque et arma sustentans tandem in castra venit; compare with v. 1, 11. Tandem Laconum acies languescere, lubrica arma sudore vix sustinens. Also, Liv. xxiii. 45. Senec. Prov. 4. a. f. (iii. 293.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein